Carmistin | How cattle feeds on the farm

It is already known that cattle have a stomach consisting of four compartments: bellows, sieve, sheet and clot, each with its functions. From the conservation of the grass in the bellows to the clot in which digestive juice occurs, stomach compartments have well -defined tasks in the digestive system.

The cattle are raised for several reasons:

• as traction animals, in the private environment,
• For meat or milk, in the agri -food industry,
• For the skin, in the textile industry,
• For reproduction, in farms.

The fiery of the cattle is important because it must support a complete digestion process. Here's how this process is based on the cattle era.

From birth to weaning: milk food

During breastfeeding, the veal feeds on colostrum and then milk from her mother. The colostrum is the substance that, in the first week of life, contains proteins and fats in large quantities, as well as mineral salts and vitamins. Vitamin A is abundant in the colostrum.

It can be said that during this period, the body of the veal antibodies collects the antibodies that defend it from microbes. The first breastfeeding reaches a maximum of 60 minutes from birth and continues 5-6 times a day.

In order for the cow to be able to breastfeed, the Uger must be washed and the first jets of milk are far from the calf. Breastfeeding is performed in the form:

• traditional: directly, from the mother, up to 150 days;
• Modern: Milk substitutes are used up to 75 days.

Feel the cows of milk

The power supply of the cows is customized according to the purpose for which the production of esteemed or desired milk have increased on the farm, but also the weight of each copy.

In the cows of milk, a calculation based on the breastfeeding stage is carried out (in the first week it will lose weight) and the weight of football and nutrients.

In summer, cows can receive green feed brought to the stable or directly from the pasture.

In winter, the daily portion of the cows should contain up to 50% of succulent foods, 30% of hay and concentrated power supply of 20%. The most recommended food is hay (alfalfa, clover, borceag). In the case of small milk production, farmers can also administer corn or straw. The succulent forage is corn sil, sugar beet, forage beet, potatoes and beer.

Food the cows to gain weight

Most of the time, farmers choose to conclude the production cycle of a cow after 5-6 calves, to pass them through a 3-4 months reconditioning process and then focus on their fattening. These copies are powered at 70% forage and 30% concentrated.

For young bulls, the diet is different:

• intensive: Based on the horo (300 kg massacre), at a continuous rhythm given by the genetic potential (silos with a concentration of up to 50-60% and massacre at 550-600 kg) or for white meat, in the case of males-to-duty consisting of substitutes of milk and milk.
• semi-intensive: Effective for the cows of meat breeds and bulls launched, is based on the forage of the volume (summer to pasture). The copies are sacrificed at 20-30 months, respectively weighing about 600 kg.

Nutritional information for livestock food

In general, cattle need protein, energy, water, fat, vitamins and minerals. Of course, they differ according to the season, the age of the cow and the purpose for which it has increased. Private farmers choose to use alfalfa or clover for weight gain and maintenance.

The increase in cattle has increased vitamin A to avoid vitamin A. The cattle acquire their vitamin D from exposure to the sun's rays.

Minerals are required to support the bone and teeth. They can come from natural foods or supplements. Supplements can contain salt, copper, iron, iodine, selenium, zinc, calcium and phosphorus.

A cow needs 20-70 liters of water per day, depending on age, weight or climate. The amount of water increases during the summer and decreases in winter.

Food the cattle, a continuous process

In medium and large farms, where the budget allows it, technology can help and regulate the power supply process. Thanks to specialized equipment, an optimal and constant quantity of livestock food is guaranteed.

However, we recommend the presence of veterinarians specialized in the farm, so that each copy has individual assistance and monitoring of food and behavior. These are some basic rules on cattle feeding. In order to deepen the field, farmers can study the peculiarities of cattle breeds.